Industrial Catalysis - October 1998

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1. What are the functions of a catalyst?
2. Classify catalysts on the basis of electron mobility.
3. Name the metal catalysts, atleast two of them.
4. What are catalyst carriers?
5. Why inhibitors are used?
6. What are the limitations of Langmuir's adsorption isotherm?
7. What are the geometric properties that influence the activity of a catalyst?
8. Explain Freundlich isotherms.
9. Differentiate between physical adsorption and chemisorption.
10. Differentiate between micropores and macropores.
11. Name two methods of preparation of catalysts.
12. Name two hydrogenation catalysts.
13. Why fluidized bed catalytic reactors are more advantageous than fixed bed reactors?
14. Name two laboratory heterogenoeus catalytic reactors.
15. Define Peclet Number.
16. What methods are used for the determination of pore size and pore size distribution?
17. Define the effectiveness factor of a catalyst.
18. Differentiate between catalyst poisoning and fouling.
19. What are catalyst supports?
20. How the deactivated catalysts regenerated? Part B (5 x 12 = 60 Marks)
21. (a) List the general properties of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. Or (b) Write short notes on: (i) Surface area of catalysts
    (ii) Pore volume and porosity
    (iii) BET method and
    (iv) Catalyst carriers
22. (a) (i) List the steps involved in catalytic reaction.
    (ii) Explain in detail each rate process. Or (b) What is meant by the following:
    (i) Surface reaction controlling and
    (ii) Adsorption or Desorption controlling.
23. (a) Explain the impregnation method of production of catalysts with the aid of a flow sheet. Give suitable examples. Or (b) Explain the following processes in detail:
    (i) granulation
    (ii) extrusion
    (iii) calcining, and
    (iv) moulding.
24. (a) Explain the salient features of fluidized bed reactors. Also explain the operating characteristics. Or (b) Explain the following:
    (i) Effectiveness factor
    (ii) Effective thermal conductivity
    (iii) Effective diffusivity, and
    (iv) Trickle bed reactors.
25. (a) Select a suitable catalyst, explain the process where it is applied, list the reactions involved, indicate the type of poisoning encountered and name the poison. Explain how the poison can be deactivated. Or (b) Explain the methods for poisoned porous catalysts.

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